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      <a href="/2016/07/31/angular-note-12-karma-config/" title="Angular使用笔记12-Karma的一些配置项" itemprop="url">Angular使用笔记12-Karma的一些配置项</a>
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      <a href="https://godbasin.github.io" title="被删">被删</a>
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    <time datetime="2016-07-31T02:32:41.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2016-07-31</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-08-18T12:58:11.532Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-08-18</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#Karma基本配置"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">Karma基本配置</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#karma-conf-js"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">karma.conf.js</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#完善Angular单元测试"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">完善Angular单元测试</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#优化测试报告"><span class="toc-number">2.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">优化测试报告</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#测试覆盖率"><span class="toc-number">2.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">测试覆盖率</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#添加Chrome浏览器测试"><span class="toc-number">2.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">添加Chrome浏览器测试</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>最近的一个项目使用AngularJS(v1.2.6)作为前端的框架，《Angular使用笔记》系列用于记录过程中的一些使用和解决方法。<br>本文记录Angular中会使用到Karma的一些配置项。<br><a id="more"></a></p>
<h2 id="Karma基本配置"><a href="#Karma基本配置" class="headerlink" title="Karma基本配置"></a>Karma基本配置</h2><hr>
<h3 id="karma-conf-js"><a href="#karma-conf-js" class="headerlink" title="karma.conf.js"></a>karma.conf.js</h3><p>这里我们先直接查看yaomen工程生成的配置文件：<br><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div><div class="line">44</div><div class="line">45</div><div class="line">46</div><div class="line">47</div><div class="line">48</div><div class="line">49</div><div class="line">50</div><div class="line">51</div><div class="line">52</div><div class="line">53</div><div class="line">54</div><div class="line">55</div><div class="line">56</div><div class="line">57</div><div class="line">58</div><div class="line">59</div><div class="line">60</div><div class="line">61</div><div class="line">62</div><div class="line">63</div><div class="line">64</div><div class="line">65</div><div class="line">66</div><div class="line">67</div><div class="line">68</div><div class="line">69</div><div class="line">70</div><div class="line">71</div><div class="line">72</div><div class="line">73</div><div class="line">74</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">config</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line"><span class="meta">  'use strict'</span>;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  config.set(&#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 是否启动热部署，且当文件改变时自动进行测试</span></div><div class="line">    autoWatch: <span class="literal">true</span>,</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 解析文件和运行的根地址</span></div><div class="line">    basePath: <span class="string">'../'</span>,</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 使用的测试框架，如jasmine/mocha/qunit/...</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 以及其他框架，如requirejs/chai/sinon/...</span></div><div class="line">    frameworks: [</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">'jasmine'</span></div><div class="line">    ],</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 在浏览器中加载的文件/模式</span></div><div class="line">    files: [</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/bower_components/angular/angular.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/bower_components/angular-mocks/angular-mocks.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/scripts/*.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/scripts/**/*.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="comment">//'test/mock/**/*.js',</span></div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'test/spec/**/*.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/bower_components/angular-resource/angular-resource.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/bower_components/angular-cookies/angular-cookies.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/bower_components/angular-sanitize/angular-sanitize.js'</span>,</div><div class="line">   <span class="string">'app/bower_components/angular-route/angular-route.js'</span></div><div class="line">    ],</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 运行的文件/模式</span></div><div class="line">    exclude: [</div><div class="line">    ],</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 服务端口</span></div><div class="line">    port: <span class="number">8080</span>,</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 启动的浏览器，可选如下:</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - Chrome</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - ChromeCanary</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - Firefox</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - Opera</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - Safari (only Mac)</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - PhantomJS</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// - IE (only Windows)</span></div><div class="line">    browsers: [</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">'PhantomJS'</span></div><div class="line">    ],</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 启用的插件</span></div><div class="line">    plugins: [</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">'karma-phantomjs-launcher'</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">'karma-jasmine'</span></div><div class="line">    ],</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 持续积累模式</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 若为true捕获浏览器运行测试然后离开</span></div><div class="line">    singleRun: <span class="literal">false</span>,</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 输出的日志和报告是启用颜色标注</span></div><div class="line">    colors: <span class="literal">true</span>,</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 日志的级别</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 可使用的值: LOG_DISABLE || LOG_ERROR || LOG_WARN || LOG_INFO || LOG_DEBUG</span></div><div class="line">    logLevel: config.LOG_INFO,</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 如果你在使用grunt服务进行测试，可取消注释以下的代码</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// proxies: &#123;</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">//   '/': 'http://localhost:9000/'</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// &#125;,</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 根路径，防止与站点根目录冲突</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// urlRoot: '_karma_'</span></div><div class="line">  &#125;);</div><div class="line">&#125;;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="完善Angular单元测试"><a href="#完善Angular单元测试" class="headerlink" title="完善Angular单元测试"></a>完善Angular单元测试</h2><hr>
<h3 id="优化测试报告"><a href="#优化测试报告" class="headerlink" title="优化测试报告"></a>优化测试报告</h3><p>上一节我们已经简单说过控制器的单元测试了，运行结果如下：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/F184.tmp.png" alt="image"><br>这样的结果显示并不是很清晰，我们下面将使用mocha的测试报告，这里使用插件<a href="https://github.com/litixsoft/karma-mocha-reporter" target="_blank" rel="external">karma-mocha-reporter</a>。</p>
<ul>
<li>安装依赖</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight cmd"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">npm install karma-mocha-reporter --save-dev</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>karma.conf.js配置<br>我们需要在karma配置文件中添加相关的配置：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 使用的测试结果报告</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 可选的值: 'dots', 'progress', 'mocha'</span></div><div class="line">reporters: [<span class="string">'mocha'</span>],</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 添加插件</span></div><div class="line">plugins: [</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-phantomjs-launcher'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-jasmine'</span>，</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-mocha-reporter'</span></div><div class="line">],</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>现在运行我们的测试，可以看到测试结果如下：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/36EE.tmp.png" alt="image"><br>这样的测试报告会比之前的清晰多了呢。</p>
<h3 id="测试覆盖率"><a href="#测试覆盖率" class="headerlink" title="测试覆盖率"></a>测试覆盖率</h3><p>karma的插件<a href="https://github.com/karma-runner/karma-coverage" target="_blank" rel="external">karma-coverage</a>提供了测试代码覆盖率的支持。</p>
<ul>
<li>安装依赖</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight cmd"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">npm install karma karma-coverage --save-dev</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>karma.conf.js配置<br>我们需要在karma配置文件中添加相关的配置：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 激活覆盖率报告器</span></div><div class="line">reporters: [<span class="string">'mocha'</span>, <span class="string">'coverage'</span>],</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 配置预处理器</span></div><div class="line">preprocessors: &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 需要统计测试覆盖率的源文件</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="comment">// 不要添加测试文件和库文件</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'app/scripts/*.js'</span>: [<span class="string">'coverage'</span>],</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'app/scripts/**/*.js'</span>: [<span class="string">'coverage'</span>]</div><div class="line">&#125;,</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 配置报告选项</span></div><div class="line">coverageReporter: &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="attr">type</span> : <span class="string">'html'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="attr">dir</span> : <span class="string">'test/coverage/'</span> <span class="comment">// 生成报告的位置</span></div><div class="line">&#125;,</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 添加插件</span></div><div class="line">plugins: [</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-coverage'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-phantomjs-launcher'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-jasmine'</span>，</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-mocha-reporter'</span></div><div class="line">],</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>运行<code>grunt test</code>进行测试之后，会自动生成代码覆盖率测试报告：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/40E2.tmp.png" alt="image"><br>生成的目录如下：<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/80EB.tmp.png" alt="image"></p>
<h3 id="添加Chrome浏览器测试"><a href="#添加Chrome浏览器测试" class="headerlink" title="添加Chrome浏览器测试"></a>添加Chrome浏览器测试</h3><p>如果需要增加对不同浏览器的测试，需要按照对应的插件，以及进行一些配置。<br>这里我们介绍一下添加Chrome浏览器测试的步骤，这里使用<a href="https://github.com/karma-runner/karma-chrome-launcher" target="_blank" rel="external">karma-chrome-launcher</a>。</p>
<ul>
<li>安装依赖</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight cmd"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">npm install karma-chrome-launcher --save-dev</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>karma.conf.js配置<br>我们需要在karma配置文件中添加相关的配置：</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 添加测试的浏览器</span></div><div class="line">browsers: [</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'PhantomJS'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'Chrome'</span></div><div class="line">],</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 添加插件</span></div><div class="line">plugins: [</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-phantomjs-launcher'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-chrome-launcher'</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-jasmine'</span>，</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">'karma-mocha-reporter'</span></div><div class="line">],</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>测试中，chrome浏览器会自动打开并运行测试，完毕之后自动关闭。我们可以看到coverage中也新增了Chrome的测试覆盖率报告。<br><img src="https://github-imglib-1255459943.cos.ap-chengdu.myqcloud.com/4B40.tmp.png" alt="image"></p>
<h2 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h2><hr>
<p>这里我们介绍了一些Karma相关的配置，karma.conf.js这个文件也需要耐心折腾呢。不过对核心代码进行单元测试的确是个不错的选择，这样我们就能放心去优化代码，知道产品的功能是否受损了呢。<br><a href="https://github.com/godbasin/godbasin.github.io/tree/blog-codes/angular-notes/12-karma-config" target="_blank" rel="external">此处查看项目代码（仅包含test部分）</a></p>
  
		
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			查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a>
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	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
	<div class="author-right">
  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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  if(ai.length>0){
    ai.wrap('<div class="video-container" />');
  };
  if(ae.length>0){
   ae.wrap('<div class="video-container" />');
  };
  if(ah.length==0){
    t.css('display','none');
  }else{
    c.click(function(){
      ta.css('display', 'block').addClass('fadeIn');
    });
    o.click(function(){
      ta.css('display', 'none');
    });
    $(window).scroll(function(){
      ta.css("top",Math.max(140,320-$(this).scrollTop()));
    });
  };
});
</script>







  </body>
</html>
